This plenary session was very good. The plenary session listened to the work report of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, analyzed the new situation and new tasks, deliberated and adopted the proposal of the CPC Central Committee on formulating the 14th five year plan for national economic and social development and the long-term goals for 2035, and successfully completed all agenda items.

The "proposal" adopted by the plenary session is a programmatic document for starting a new journey of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way and marching toward the second Centennial goal. It is also an action guide for China's economic and social development in the next five years and beyond. At present and for a period to come, an important political task for the whole Party and the whole country is to study and implement the spirit of this plenary session and implement all the decisions, arrangements and work requirements set forth in the "proposal".

Now, on behalf of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, I'd like to talk about several key issues on implementing the spirit of the plenary session.

1、 Correctly understand the international and domestic situation

After several generations of continuous struggle, we will soon build a moderately prosperous society in all respects, complete the task of eradicating poverty, and achieve the first Centennial goal. From next year, we will begin to march toward the second Centennial goal.

At this important moment, we should not only see that the overall situation of China's development is good, and we have the foundation, conditions and ability to achieve new great victories, but also see that many contradictions are superimposed and risks and challenges are significantly increased. China's development is facing an unprecedented complex environment. We must adhere to a correct view of history, the overall situation and development, see clearly the nature of the current international and domestic situation under the complex phenomenon, stay calm in the face of danger, look for opportunities in the midst of danger, forge ahead, open up a new situation, and better coordinate the overall strategic situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the unprecedented major changes in the world in a century.

Internationally, the unprecedented changes in the world in a century have entered a period of accelerated evolution, and the international environment has become increasingly complex. On the one hand, peace and development are still the theme of the times. A new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation are in-depth development, the international balance of power is profoundly adjusted, and the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. On the other hand, the instability and uncertainty of the international situation have increased significantly. The COVID-19 has had a wide and far-reaching impact. Economic globalization has encountered adverse currents, populism and xenophobia have risen. Unilateralism, protectionism and hegemonism pose a threat to world peace and development. The international economic, scientific and technological, cultural, security, political and other patterns are undergoing profound and complex changes. We should accurately understand the key factors that determine the direction of the world's unprecedented changes in a century, and firmly grasp the strategic initiative.

From the domestic perspective, China has many advantages and conditions for continuous development, but also faces many difficulties and challenges. The key is to look at problems from a comprehensive, dialectical and long-term perspective and actively expand new space for development.

First, we should deeply understand the changes in the main social contradictions and enhance the systematicness of solving the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development. At present, the main problems facing China's development are that the innovation ability does not meet the requirements of high-quality development, the agricultural foundation is not yet stable, the gap between urban and rural regional development and income distribution is large, the ecological environment protection has a long way to go, the livelihood security has shortcomings, and social governance still has weaknesses. To sum up, development is unbalanced and inadequate. The unbalanced development is mainly due to the imbalance in various regions, fields and aspects, which restricts the improvement of the overall development level; The main reason for insufficient development is that China still has a long way to go to fully realize socialist modernization, and the task of development is still very heavy. To promote the solution of these problems, we should adhere to the world outlook and methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism. Since it is a reflection of the main social contradictions, it is impossible to solve them in one move. We must make active and persistent efforts. We should adhere to the problem orientation and the goal orientation, adhere to the system concept, focus on consolidating the foundation, developing the advantages, making up for the shortcomings, and improving the strengths and weaknesses, and promote comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable economic and social development.

Second, we should deeply understand the people's yearning for a better life and enhance the pertinence of solving the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development. China's long-standing shortage economy and insufficient supply have fundamentally changed, and the people's yearning for a better life has generally changed from "yes" to "no", showing diversified, multi-level and multi-faceted characteristics. Many of these demands were not urgent problems in the past, but now the people's demands are higher, and our understanding and working level of these problems should be correspondingly improved. We need to ensure and improve people's livelihood in the process of development, solve the most immediate and realistic interests that the people are most concerned about, better meet the people's aspirations for a better life, promote all-round human development and social progress, and strive to make more visible and substantive progress in promoting common prosperity for all people.

Third, we should have a deep understanding of the fundamentals of long-term economic growth and enhance our confidence in solving the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development. At present, China's economy is facing multiple impacts, such as the superposition of cyclical and structural factors, the interweaving of short-term and long-term problems, and the impact of external shocks and the COVID-19. It can be said that the difficulties are unprecedented. The impact of the epidemic is temporary and generally controllable. The external impact has forced us to accelerate the pace of independent innovation. The fundamentals of China's long-term economic growth have not changed. The strong leadership of the party is the institutional advantage of China's socialist system in concentrating efforts on major issues, and is the fundamental guarantee for achieving economic stability and social stability. For a long time, China's accumulated solid material foundation, rich human resources, complete industrial system, strong scientific and technological strength, and China's largest and most potential market in the world have been the fundamental support for us to promote economic development and resist external risks.

Based on a comprehensive analysis of the situation at home and abroad, at present and in the future, China's development is still in an important period of strategic opportunities, but both opportunities and challenges have new developments and changes. When the concept of strategic opportunity period was put forward at that time, it referred to the first 20 years of this century. Today, 20 years later, how to judge the strategic opportunity period is a major issue. In the past, we followed the trend and had a better grasp of opportunities; Now we have to go against the wind, and the difficulty of seizing the opportunity is different. In the past, the overall environment was relatively stable, and risks and challenges were relatively easy to see; At present, the world situation is turbulent and complex, geopolitical challenges are fierce, and there are many reefs and undercurrents, which put forward higher requirements for the ability to cope with changes. In the past, our level of development was low, and we were more complementary to others; Now that our level of development has improved, we are more competitive with others.

Our judgment is that risks and opportunities coexist, that risks are organic, and that risks can turn around. Opportunities are more strategic and plastic, and challenges are more complex and overall. Challenges are unprecedented. If we deal with them well, opportunities will be unprecedented. The prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic is a typical example of turning a crisis into an opportunity. When the epidemic just broke out at the beginning of the year, we can recall how critical the situation was and how great the pressure was. Now, more than half a year has passed. Instead of being knocked down by the epidemic, we have become a model of global success in fighting the epidemic. This year, China will be the only major economy in the world to recover positive economic growth. Instead, China's comprehensive strength and international influence have leapt even faster. We should think carefully and grasp the experience and truth.

In short, the 14th Five Year Plan period is a crucial period for China to achieve new and greater development. We should enhance our awareness of opportunities and risks, accurately recognize changes, respond scientifically, take the initiative to seek changes, be brave in opening the boat, be good at turning crises into opportunities, and make a good start in building a modern socialist country in an all-round way.

2、 Fully grasp the new development stage

The new stage of development is the stage of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way and marching toward the second century goal. This is a milestone in China's development process. To this new stage of development, we should comprehensively grasp it from the perspectives of history and reality, theory and practice.

First, entering a new stage of development is a great leap forward in the historical process of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. As I said, realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the greatest dream of the Chinese people in modern times. Since modern times, under the invasion of foreign powers and the decadent feudal rule, China has missed the opportunity of the industrial revolution, lagged far behind the times, and the Chinese nation has also suffered unprecedented hardships. After the Opium War, the Chinese people and countless people with lofty ideals worked tirelessly to find the way to China's modernization. Dr. Sun Yat Sen's "general plan for the founding of the people's Republic" is called the first blueprint for modernization in modern China. However, under the conditions of semi colonial and semi feudal society, China's modernization has not and cannot succeed.

In the nearly 100 years since its founding, the Communist Party of China has united and led the Chinese people in all their struggles to build China into a modern power and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Since the founding of new China, our party has worked hard and led the people in their arduous exploration of China's modernization. In 1954, Comrade Zhou Enlai clearly pointed out in his "government work report" at the first National People's Congress: "if we do not build strong and modern industry, modern agriculture, modern transportation and modern national defense, we will not be able to shake off backwardness and poverty, and our revolution will not achieve its goal." In 1956, Comrade Mao Zedong put forward: "the Chinese people should have a far-reaching plan, and strive to change China's backward situation in economy, science and culture within a few decades, so as to rapidly reach the advanced level in the world." He also warned that if it was not done well, it would be expelled from the club. In December 1964, In the government work report delivered at the third National People's Congress, Comrade Zhou Enlai once again proposed: "Starting from the third five-year plan, China's national economic development can be considered in two steps: the first step is to establish an independent and relatively complete industrial system and national economic system; the second step is to comprehensively modernize agriculture, industry, national defense, science and technology, so that China's economy can lead the world." Because of the "Cultural Revolution" that followed, the four modernizations proposed at that time were not fully launched. Nevertheless, from 1949 to 1978, our Party led the people to establish an independent and relatively complete industrial system and national economic system on the basis of poverty and whiteness in old China, effectively safeguarded national sovereignty and security, and made solid strides in China's socialist construction.

After reform and opening up, Comrade Deng Xiaoping put forward the "three-step" strategy, that is, to solve the problem of food and clothing for the people by the end of the 1980s, to make the people's living standard reach a well-off level by the end of the last century, and to basically realize modernization and reach the level of moderately developed countries by the middle of the 21st century. In the new century, after the people's living standards have generally reached a well-off level, our party has proposed that by the 100th year of the founding of the party, a higher level of well-off society benefiting more than a billion people should be built in an all-round way, and then we should strive for another 30 years. By the 100th year of the founding of new China, we will basically realize modernization and turn China into a modern socialist country.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the Chinese nation has ushered in a great leap from standing up, becoming rich to becoming strong. Standing at a new and higher historical starting point, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made a strategic arrangement to promote the realization of the second Centennial goal in two stages, and proposed to basically realize socialist modernization by 2035 and build China into a rich, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful socialist modern power by the middle of this century.

From the first five-year plan to the fourteenth five-year plan, the consistent theme is to build China into a socialist modern country. We have gone through detours and encountered some unexpected difficulties and setbacks, but our will and determination to build a modern socialist country have never wavered. In this process, our party's understanding of building a socialist modern country has been deepened, matured strategically and enriched in practice, which has accelerated the process of China's modernization and laid a practical, theoretical and institutional foundation for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way in the new development stage.

Second, the decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and the decisive fight against poverty have created favorable conditions for building a socialist modern country in all respects. The 13th Five Year Plan period is a decisive stage in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Decisive achievements have been made, and China's economic strength, scientific and technological strength and comprehensive national strength have leapt to a new level. China's per capita GDP has exceeded 10000 US dollars, and it is estimated that the GDP will exceed 100 trillion yuan in 2020. During the 13th Five Year Plan period, a total of 55.75 million rural poor people have been lifted out of poverty. By the end of this year, the problem of absolute poverty will be solved historically. Major breakthroughs have been made in comprehensively deepening reform, opening up has continued to expand, and the construction of ecological civilization has achieved unprecedented results. China has built the world's largest social security system, with over 1.3 billion people covered by basic medical insurance and nearly 1 billion people covered by basic old-age insurance. The people's living standards have significantly improved. It is certain that the goals and tasks of the 13th five year plan will be completed as scheduled, and the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects will be achieved as scheduled.

We completed the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects on schedule and won the battle against poverty, making a new stride forward in the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and achieving a new leap from lagging far behind the times to catching up with the times in big strides.

Third, China's construction of socialist modernization has many important characteristics. There is no one size fits all modernization model or universal modernization standard in the world. Comrade Deng Xiaoping said: "the modernization we are pursuing is a Chinese style modernization. The socialism we are building is socialism with Chinese characteristics." The modernization we are promoting not only has the common characteristics of modernization in all countries, but also has Chinese characteristics based on national conditions. First, China's modernization is a modernization with a huge population. China, with a population of 1.4 billion, wants to enter the modern society as a whole. Its scale exceeds the total of the existing developed countries. It will completely rewrite the world map of modernization. It is a major event with far-reaching influence in human history. Second, China's modernization is a modernization for the common prosperity of all the people. Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics. China's modernization adheres to the people-centered development idea, consciously and actively solves regional disparities, urban-rural disparities, and income distribution disparities, promotes social fairness and justice, gradually realizes common prosperity for all people, and resolutely prevents polarization. Third, China's modernization is a modernization in which material civilization and spiritual civilization are coordinated. China's modernization adheres to the core socialist values, strengthens the education of ideals and beliefs, carries forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture, strengthens the people's spiritual strength, and promotes the all-round enrichment of things and the all-round development of people. Fourth, China's modernization is the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. China's modernization attaches importance to promoting the construction of material civilization and ecological civilization at the same time, and follows the path of civilized development of production development, rich life and good ecology. Otherwise, the pressure of resources and environment will be unbearable. Fifth, China's modernization is a modernization that follows the path of peaceful development. Some old capitalist countries are taking the road of violent colonial plunder and modernization at the expense of other countries' backwardness. China's modernization emphasizes mutual benefit and win-win cooperation with other countries in the world, promotes the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind, and strives to contribute to peace and development of mankind. Practice shows that Chinese style modernization is not only in line with China's reality, but also reflects the laws of socialist construction and the development of human society. China should unswervingly promote Chinese style modernization, promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese style modernization, and constantly make new and greater contributions to mankind.

3、 Focus on building a new development pattern

Building a new development pattern with the domestic big cycle as the main body and the domestic and international double cycles promoting each other is a major decision made according to the changes in China's development stage, environment and conditions, especially based on the changes in China's comparative advantage. Building a new development pattern is a systematic and deep-seated change that has a bearing on the overall situation. It is a strategic plan based on the current and with a long-term perspective. We should accurately grasp the strategic concept of accelerating the construction of a new development pattern from the perspective of the overall situation and strategy.

Fundamentally speaking, building a new development pattern is an inevitable choice to meet the requirements of the new stage of China's development and shape new advantages in international cooperation and competition. Before reform and opening up, China's economy was dominated by domestic circulation, and import and export accounted for a small proportion of the national economy. After reform and opening up, we opened our doors, expanded foreign trade and attracted foreign investment. In particular, after joining the WTO in 2001, China has deeply participated in the international division of labor, integrated into the international cycle, and formed a development pattern in which markets and resources are "at both ends of the world". This has played an important role in seizing the opportunity of economic globalization to rapidly enhance economic strength and improve people's lives.

The international financial crisis in 2008 was an important watershed in the evolution of China's development pattern. In the face of the severe external crisis, we have taken expanding domestic demand as the basic foothold for maintaining steady and rapid economic development, promoted the transformation of economic development to domestic demand led, and the role of domestic circulation in China's economy has begun to rise significantly. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we have adhered to the strategy of expanding domestic demand, so that development depends more on domestic demand, especially consumer demand. China's dependence on foreign trade decreased from 67% in 2006 to nearly 32% in 2019. The proportion of current account surplus in GDP dropped from more than 10% at the highest to about 1% at present. The contribution rate of domestic demand to economic growth exceeded 100% in seven years. Our proposal to build a new development pattern is a conscious grasp of China's objective economic laws and development trends, and is based on practice.

In the future, the characteristics of China's domestic market leading economic cycle will be more obvious, and the potential of domestic demand for economic growth will be continuously released. From the perspective of demand, China has a population of 1.4 billion, including more than 400 million middle-income people. China's retail sales will soon surpass that of the United States, ranking first in the world. There is still room for steady growth in the future. From the perspective of supply, China's strong production capacity based on the large domestic market can promote the integration and innovation of global factor resources and maximize the scale effect and agglomeration effect. As long as we follow the trend and take precise measures, we are fully qualified to build a new development pattern and reshape new competitive advantages.

First, building a new development pattern is the first move to seize the initiative of development, not a forced or expedient move. From the perspective of international comparison, the characteristics of the economies of large countries are dominated by domestic demand and recyclable internally. As the second largest economy and the largest manufacturing country in the world, China has long been required to adjust the relationship between the domestic economic cycle and the international economic cycle. This is our primary consideration in building a new development pattern. Against the background of the current international situation full of instability and uncertainty, fully tapping the potential of domestic demand based on domestic and domestic market advantages is conducive to resolving the impact of external shocks and the decline of foreign demand, as well as ensuring the basic normal operation of China's economy and the overall stability of society under extreme circumstances.

Second, building a new development pattern is an open domestic and international dual cycle, not a closed domestic single cycle. China's economy has been deeply integrated into the world economy, and the degree of industrial association and interdependence with many countries in the world is relatively high. The domestic and foreign demand markets themselves are interdependent and promote each other. Taking the domestic circulation as the main body is by no means a closed operation behind closed doors, but a better connection between the domestic market and the international market by giving play to the potential of domestic demand, attracting global resource elements with the domestic circulation, making better use of both domestic and international markets and resources, improving the ability to allocate resources globally, and striving for the strategic initiative in open development. China's door to the outside world will not be closed, it will only open wider and wider. We should scientifically understand the relationship between the domestic big cycle and the domestic and international double cycle, take the initiative and be good at doing things, build a new system of an open economy at a higher level, and open up to the outside world on a larger scale, in a wider field and at a deeper level.

Third, to build a new development pattern, we should take the domestic big cycle based on the national unified big market as the main body, not the self small cycle in all places. The strategic arrangement made by the Party Central Committee to build a new development pattern, which proposes to take the domestic big cycle as the main body, is aimed at the whole country, not requiring all localities to engage in self small cycles within provinces, cities and counties. Each region should find its position and comparative advantage in the domestic cycle and the domestic and international double cycle, organically link the construction of a new development pattern with the implementation of regional major strategies, regional coordinated development strategies, main functional area strategies, and the construction of pilot free trade zones, so as to build a new highland of reform and opening up. It is not allowed to do "small but comprehensive" work, let alone regional blockade in the name of "internal cycle". Regions with conditions can take the lead in exploring effective paths conducive to promoting the construction of a new development pattern throughout the country, and play a leading and leading role.

To build a new development pattern, we must unswervingly implement the new development concept. It has been five years since we put forward the new development concept, a high degree of consensus has been reached in all aspects, and practice is constantly deepening. Implementing the new development concept inevitably requires the construction of a new development pattern, which is the result of the joint action of historical logic and practical logic. We should adhere to the system concept, strengthen forward-looking thinking, overall planning, strategic layout and overall promotion of development in all fields, strengthen policy coordination and cooperation, promote each other in all aspects of development, and constantly deepen the practice of implementing the new development concept.

4、 To build a new development pattern, we should grasp several important points

Building a new development pattern is a systematic project. We should not only "control it from the top", strengthen strategic planning and top-level design, but also "detail it from the bottom", and grasp the focus of work.

First, we should accelerate the cultivation of a complete domestic demand system. This is an important foundation for unblocking the national economic cycle and strengthening the dominant position of the domestic big cycle. Economic activities are a dynamic cycle. We should promote deep-seated reform, strengthen policy guidance, and strive to break through the key blockages that restrict the economic cycle. We should take meeting domestic demand as the basic foothold, organically combine the implementation of the strategy of expanding domestic demand with the deepening of supply side structural reform, strive to improve the adaptability of the supply system to domestic demand, and form a higher level of dynamic balance between demand pulling supply and supply creating demand. We should strengthen the construction of a modern circulation system, improve hardware and software, channels and platforms, and consolidate the important foundation of domestic and international double circulation.

Second, we should accelerate scientific and technological independence and self-improvement. This is the key to ensuring the smooth domestic circulation and shaping China's new advantages in the international circulation. We should enhance our sense of responsibility and crisis, abandon our illusions, face reality squarely, fight well for key core technologies, and accelerate the breakthrough of "stuck" technologies in important fields. We should fully stimulate the innovative vitality of talents, train, introduce and make good use of talents in all aspects, bring up more world-class leading scientific and technological talents and innovative teams, and cultivate a reserve force of young scientific and technological talents with international competitiveness. We should provide a good environment and service guarantee for scientists and overseas students to return home for research and development, study, work and life, so that they can make the best use of their talents and serve the country.

Third, we should promote the optimization and upgrading of the industrial chain and supply chain. This is an urgent need to stabilize the dominant position of the domestic big cycle and enhance the driving ability in the international big cycle. Manufacturing industry is the lifeline of China's economy, the foundation of building a country and the foundation of building a strong country. In this fight against COVID-19, China's complete manufacturing system has played a vital supporting role, once again proving the importance of manufacturing to the development and security of our country, especially large countries. We should place greater importance on enhancing the resilience and competitiveness of the industrial chain, and strive to build an independent, controllable, safe and efficient industrial chain supply chain. It is necessary to systematically sort out the industrial chain and supply chain of key industries, find out the weak links, identify the risk points, do a good job in strategic design and precise policy implementation by industry, accelerate the filling of the shortcomings of the industrial chain and supply chain, and gradually achieve independent control in fields and nodes related to national security. We should take effective measures to improve the rootedness of enterprises and promote the orderly transfer of industries in China. Even if the industries are transferred abroad, we should try to keep the key links of the industrial chain in China.

Fourth, we should promote agricultural and rural modernization. The urban-rural economic cycle is an important aspect of the domestic cycle, and also a key factor to ensure the healthy relationship between the proportion of domestic and international cycles. Realizing agricultural and rural modernization is a major task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and an inevitable requirement for solving the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development. We should persist in making solving the "three rural" issues the top priority of the party's work and comprehensively implement the strategy of Rural Revitalization. We should effectively link the consolidation and expansion of poverty alleviation achievements with rural revitalization, continue to promote the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas in poverty alleviation areas, and promote economic and social development and the improvement of people's lives. Ensuring the supply security of grain and other important agricultural products is the top priority of the "three rural" work. We must not take food security lightly. We should ensure that we are basically self-sufficient in grain and that our rations are absolutely safe, and that the rice bowls of the Chinese people are firmly in our own hands. We should persistently promote the structural reform of the agricultural supply side, optimize the structure of agricultural production, optimize the regional layout of agricultural production, and strengthen the construction of functional areas for grain production, production protection areas for important agricultural products, and superior areas for characteristic agricultural products.

Fifth, we should improve the people's quality of life. This is the starting point and the end result of unblocking the domestic circulation, and also the key connection point of mutual promotion of domestic and international double circulation. Adapting to the changing needs of the people, working hard to run various livelihood undertakings, and making the people's lives better are the fundamental goals of socialist production. Optimizing the distribution structure, developing and expanding the middle-income group is conducive to enhancing the endogenous driving force of high-quality development, and is a key link in unblocking the national economic cycle. We should adhere to the principle that distribution according to work is the mainstay and multiple modes of distribution coexist, increase the proportion of labor remuneration in the initial distribution, improve the mechanism for reasonable wage growth, explore ways to increase the factor income of low - and middle-income groups through the use rights and income rights of land, capital and other factors, effectively protect the treatment and rights of workers, and constantly expand the middle-income group. We should adhere to the problem orientation, seek more benefits for the people's livelihood and solve more worries about the people's livelihood, do our best and act according to our ability, accelerate the filling of our weaknesses, solidly promote common prosperity, and constantly enhance the people's sense of gain, happiness and security.

Sixth, we should firmly uphold the bottom line of safe development. This is an important prerequisite and guarantee for building a new development pattern, and it is also an inherent part of the problem of unblocking the domestic circulation. This plenary session of the Central Committee made strategic arrangements for overall development and security, which is of great guiding significance for better promoting China's economic and social development in a complex environment. We should adhere to the overall concept of national security, adhere to the supremacy of national interests, take people's security as the purpose, take political security as the fundamental, and strengthen the construction of the national security system and capacity. We should grasp the relationship between openness and security, weave an open safety net, and enhance our ability to dynamically safeguard national security in an open environment. We should put the protection of people's lives in the first place, comprehensively improve the ability to guarantee public security, and promote people's living and working in peace and contentment, social stability and order, and long-term national stability and stability.

5、 Improve the ability and level of the party's leadership in implementing the new development concept and building a new development pattern

In the face of the current complex and severe domestic and international environment and the arduous task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, we must ensure that the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee are effectively implemented and that orders and prohibitions are enforced. We should implement the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee in all aspects of promoting the overall layout of the "five in one" and the strategic layout of the "four comprehensives" in a coordinated manner, adhere to and improve the system and mechanism of the party's leadership over economic and social development, and provide a fundamental guarantee for achieving high-quality development.

Today's world is experiencing a great change that has not been seen in a century. Such a great change is not a change of one thing, one region and one country, but a change of the world, times and history. Whether we can cope with this great change depends on whether we have the wisdom to recognize change, the way to respond and the courage to seek change. The ancients said, "if you plan ahead, you will prosper; if you plan ahead, you will perish." We should strengthen strategic thinking, maintain strategic determination, integrate planning for things with planning for the situation, planning for the present and planning for the future, adjust strategic strategies in time in response to the development and changes of the situation, strengthen strategic planning for the medium and long term, and firmly grasp the strategic initiative.

The people are the greatest strength for our party to govern and the deepest foundation for the party and the country. Historical lessons profoundly enlighten us that all political forces that deviate from the people, the people and the people will eventually go against the people and lose their support. We should always breathe with the people, share the same fate, and connect our hearts, and always maintain the flesh and blood ties between the party and the people. We should adhere to the people-centered development idea, adhere to the people's dominant position, and ensure that development is for the people, depends on the people, and the achievements of development are shared by the people. We should carry forward the style of seeking truth from facts, strengthen investigation and research, listen to the voice of the masses, understand the wishes of the masses, truly do a good job in solving the worries of the people, alleviating their grievances, and warming the hearts of the people, vigorously abstain from formalism and bureaucracy, and continue to push forward the anti-corruption struggle in depth.

To build a modern socialist country in an all-round way, we must have a contingent of cadres who are politically competent and capable of leading the modernization drive. We should deeply sum up, study and apply the valuable experience of the Communist Party of China over the past 100 years, educate and guide the vast number of Party members and cadres to adhere to the lofty ideal of communism and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, never forget their original intention, keep their mission firmly in mind, and work unremittingly for the cause of the party and the people. We should fully implement the party's organizational line in the new era, strengthen the education and training of cadres, especially young cadres, and improve the ability of leading bodies and cadres at all levels to implement new development concepts and build a new development pattern. We should strengthen the encouragement and protection of cadres who dare to take responsibility and are good at doing things. We should take the correct orientation of employing people as the guide to entrepreneurship, so that those cadres who want to do things, are willing to do things and can do things can have a better place to play.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, I have repeatedly stressed that the whole party should attach great importance to and effectively prevent and resolve various major risks. In January 2018, at the opening ceremony of the special seminar on studying and implementing the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, I stressed that "we should enhance our awareness of dangers and guard against risks and challenges consistently". I listed 16 specific risks in 8 aspects, made in-depth analysis and put forward clear requirements, including what we should do if a serious infectious disease like SARS occurs? In January 2019, in my speech at the special seminar for major leading cadres at the provincial and ministerial levels to adhere to the bottom line thinking and focus on preventing and resolving major risks, I once again emphasized the issue of preventing and resolving major risks from nine aspects, and stressed that leading cadres should shoulder the political responsibility of preventing and resolving major risks. The sudden COVID-19 epidemic this year has fully proved the importance and necessity of emphasizing the prevention and resolution of major risks. We should regard the prevention and resolution of major risks as an extremely important task, and we should not slacken off in the slightest. We should never slacken our efforts to prevent and control the epidemic on a regular basis, and strive for comprehensive victory in the fight against the epidemic. We should pay close attention to those major risks that may delay or even interrupt the process of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, comprehensively study and judge, plan as a whole, respond effectively, and do our best to avoid them. For specific risks faced by various economic and social fields, we should enhance our predictability and initiative, formulate response plans in advance, and eliminate them in the bud as far as possible.

The rise of a big country can never be easy and smooth. It must go through a lot of hard trials and struggles. The whole Party must be soberly aware of the long-term, complex and arduous nature of the great struggle on the road ahead, adhere to the bottom line thinking, enhance the sense of hardship, carry forward the spirit of struggle, and improve the ability of struggle. We should not only dare to struggle and encounter tough problems, but also be good at struggle and pay attention to the art and strategy of struggle. We should make good use of the magic weapon of the United Front, unite the majority, do a good job in the Grand Alliance, and refrain from attacking from all sides and practicing closed doorism. We should adhere to the path of peaceful development, be good at using multilateral mechanisms, and make better use of the strength of the international system to curb unilateralism, protectionism, and hegemonism. We should do a good job in publicity, especially in foreign publicity, establish the image of a responsible country with peaceful development, and strive for the widest understanding and support of the international community.

This time, the Party Central Committee formulated the planning proposal, unifying the strengthening of top-level design with the insistence on asking for advice from the people, emphasizing the promotion of democracy, open-door questions and brainstorming. The scope of soliciting opinions, the number of participants, and the diversity of forms are unprecedented. We should formulate the outline of the 14th five year plan, special plans and local plans in accordance with the recommendations, pay attention to listening to the voice of the people and pooling their wisdom. In drawing up their own regional plans, each region should integrate reality, seek truth from facts, leave room for development, and not add to the plans at all levels. We should adhere to and improve the mechanism for the effective implementation of the plan, improve the dynamic monitoring, mid-term evaluation and summary evaluation mechanism in the implementation of the plan, and improve the implementation and implementation strength of the plan.

Comrades! Next year, we will celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the party. The Party Central Committee is making an overall design for the celebration activities, and Party committees at all levels should conscientiously implement it after it is finalized. We should carry forward the past and forge ahead into the future, mobilize all comrades of the party to unite and lead the people of all ethnic groups across the country to continuously create new historical undertakings with a more enterprising spirit!

※ this is the speech made by general secretary xijinping at the second plenary session of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee on October 29, 2020.

Source: Qiushi, 2022 / 17